What phenomenon occurs when floc moves in a faster current in a tank or basin?

When floc moves in a faster current in a tank or basin, this is referred to as short-circuiting. In this context, short-circuiting occurs when the water and floc do not have adequate time to settle properly. It happens when some of the water entering the basin bypasses the designed flow pattern, traveling through the tank without experiencing the necessary contact time with the floc for adequate removal of contaminants.

Short-circuiting can result in reduced efficiency in the treatment process, as the floc may not have enough time to settle out, leading to poor water quality. This phenomenon highlights the importance of proper hydraulic design in water treatment processes to ensure that water flows through the system in a manner that allows for effective treatment and sedimentation of floc.