What is the primary function of a capacitor in an electrical system?

The primary function of a capacitor in an electrical system is to store electrical energy and improve the power factor. Capacitors are passive electronic components that can accumulate charge when voltage is applied across them, and they release that charge when needed in the circuit. This ability to store energy is crucial in various applications, such as in power supply systems, where they help smooth out voltage fluctuations and provide a stable supply of energy.

In addition, capacitors play an essential role in the improvement of the power factor, which is a measure of how effectively electrical power is being converted into useful work output. A low power factor indicates poor utilization of electrical power, which can lead to increased energy costs. By using capacitors to correct the power factor, electrical systems can operate more efficiently, leading to reduced energy losses and improved performance.

Given these capabilities, the role of capacitors extends beyond just storing energy; they are integral in enhancing the efficiency and stability of electrical systems.