What is the main goal of coagulation in water treatment?

The main goal of coagulation in water treatment is to clump particles together for easier removal. During the coagulation process, chemicals known as coagulants (such as alum) are added to the water, which causes tiny particles—such as sediments, organic materials, and other impurities—to aggregate into larger clusters known as flocs. These larger flocs are then more easily removed from the water during subsequent treatment steps, such as sedimentation and filtration. This process significantly improves the clarity and quality of the water, making it safer for consumption.

Coagulation is particularly important for removing suspended solids and other contaminants that can negatively affect the water quality. By facilitating the aggregation of these particles, coagulation helps ensure that water treatment systems function effectively, leading to cleaner and safer water for public use.