What is the main function of a centrifugal pump?

The primary function of a centrifugal pump is to create pressure by using a rotating impeller. This type of pump works by converting rotational kinetic energy, typically from a motor, into hydrodynamic energy, which results in an increase in the pressure and flow of the fluid being pumped. As the impeller spins, it draws fluid into the center and pushes it outward through the discharge pipe, thus creating a flow of water.

This action is essential in water treatment plants and distribution systems, where ensuring a consistent and adequate flow of water under pressure is necessary. In contrast to this function, other choices focus on processes that do not involve the core mechanism of a centrifugal pump; for instance, increasing water temperature or mixing chemicals involves thermal and chemical reactions respectively, while filtering contaminants pertains to separation processes relying on physical barriers or media. Hence, the unique capability of a centrifugal pump to effectively generate pressure through movement makes it a vital component in fluid transport and treatment applications.