What chemicals contribute to the alkalinity of water?

Alkalinity in water primarily refers to its capacity to neutralize acids, which is influenced by the presence of certain chemical compounds that can donate hydroxide ions (OH-) or that can react with acids. In this case, calcium carbonate and calcium oxide both play significant roles in contributing to the alkalinity of water.

Calcium carbonate is a key component in the buffering system of natural waters. When it dissolves, it increases the concentration of carbonate ions (CO3^2-), which can combine with hydrogen ions (H+) to reduce acidity. This process helps maintain a stable pH in water bodies, which is crucial for aquatic life and water quality management.

Calcium oxide, often referred to as quicklime, reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide, which is alkaline. The presence of calcium hydroxide further enhances the water's ability to mitigate changes in pH when acids are introduced.

Together, these two compounds effectively increase the alkalinity of water, supporting the buffering capacity that is essential for maintaining the ecological balance in aquatic environments.