Which instrument is more effective in determining size and quantity of particles in water?

A particle counter is specifically designed to measure the size and quantity of particles suspended in a fluid, such as water. It provides quantitative data on particle concentration and size distribution, which is crucial for water quality analysis. This instrument uses a laser or another type of light to detect particles as they pass through a sensing area, allowing for precise measurements of particle counts at various sizes.

In contrast, a turbidimeter measures the clarity of water by detecting the amount of light scattered by particles in the water, but it does not provide detailed information on the specific size and number of particles. A graduated cylinder is primarily used for measuring volumes of liquids and does not provide any particle analysis. A calorimeter is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes and is not applicable in the context of particle measurement in water. Therefore, the particle counter is the most effective instrument for determining the size and quantity of particles in water.